Data Structures ke Main Operations
Data Structure ka main kaam data ko store aur manage karna hota hai. Yeh kuch basic operations hain jo hum har data structure par karte hain:
1. Traversal (Ghoomna)
Kya Hota Hai: Iska matlab hai data structure ke har element ko ek-ek baar visit karna.
Kyun Karte Hain: Jaise kisi list ke sabhi items ko screen par print karna ya har element ko check karna.
Example: Ek array ke har number ko shuru se end tak dekhna.
2. Insertion (Daalna/Jodna)
Kya Hota Hai: Data structure mein naya data element add karna.
Kyun Karte Hain: Jab aapko naye record (jaise naye student ka naam) ko list mein daalna ho.
Example: Kisi Stack (plate ke dher ki tarah) ke upar ek naya item (Push) daalna.
3. Deletion (Hataana)
Kya Hota Hai: Data structure se existing data element ko remove karna.
Kyun Karte Hain: Jab koi record ab zaruri na ho ya uski validity khatam ho gayi ho.
Example: Kisi Queue (line ki tarah) se pehle item (Dequeue) ko nikalna.
4. Searching (Dhoondna)
Kya Hota Hai: Data structure mein kisi specific element ko locate karna.
Kyun Karte Hain: Jaise kisi bade phone book mein ek particular contact number dhoondna.
Example: Array mein Binary Search ya Linear Search ka use karna.
5. Sorting (Tarteeb Dena)
Kya Hota Hai: Data elements ko kisi specific order mein arrange karna (jaise Ascending ya Descending).
Kyun Karte Hain: Data ko efficiently dhoondne ya display karne ke liye.
Example: Students ke marks ko highest se lowest order mein lagana.
Data Structures ke Applications (Real-life Upyog)
Data Structures har jagah use hote hain, jahaan bhi computer mein data ko manage karna hota hai.
| Data Structure | Real-life Application (Asaan Shabdomein) |
| Array | Contact List: Phone mein sabhi contacts ek sequence mein store karna. |
| Linked List | Music Player Playlist: Gaane ek-doosre se connected hote hain, jisse next/previous song par jaana aasan hota hai. |
| Stack | Undo/Redo Feature: Word processor mein, aapki last action ko yaad rakhna. |
| Queue | Printer Task Line: Jo print command pehle aayi, woh pehle print hoti hai. |
| Tree | File System: Computer mein files aur folders ka hierarchical structure. |
| Graph | Google Maps/GPS: Do jagahon ke beech ka shortest path dhoondna. |
| Hash Table | Password Storage: Username-password ko jaldi verify karne ke liye. |
Binary Search and Linear Search consept
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