Data Structures ke Main Operations

Data Structure Operations & Applications

The main function of a Data Structure is to store and manage data. These are some basic operations that we perform on every data structure:

1. Traversal

  • What It Means: It means visiting each element of a data structure one by one.

  • Why We Do It: For example, printing all items of a list on the screen or checking each element.

  • Example: Visiting each number in an array from start to end.

Traversal Image

2. Insertion

  • What It Means: Adding a new data element to a data structure.

  • Why We Do It: When you want to insert a new record (like a new student's name) into a list.

  • Example: Adding a new item (Push) on top of a Stack (like a pile of plates).

Insertion Image

3. Deletion

  • What It Means: Removing an existing data element from a data structure.

  • Why We Do It: When a record is no longer needed or its validity has expired.

  • Example: Removing the first item (Dequeue) from a Queue (like a real-life line).

Deletion Image

4. Searching

  • What It Means: Locating a specific element inside a data structure.

  • Why We Do It: Like searching for a particular contact number in a large phone book.

  • Example: Using Binary Search or Linear Search in an array.

Searching Image

5. Sorting

  • What It Means: Arranging data elements in a specific order (like Ascending or Descending).

  • Why We Do It: To search or display data more efficiently.

  • Example: Arranging students' marks from highest to lowest.

Sorting Image

Applications of Data Structures (Real-life Usage)

Data Structures are used everywhere, wherever data needs to be managed inside a computer.

Data Structure Real-life Application (In Simple Words)
Array Contact List: Storing all contacts in a sequence in a phone.
Linked List Music Player Playlist: Songs are connected to each other so moving to next/previous is easy.
Stack Undo/Redo Feature: Storing your last actions in a word processor.
Queue Printer Task Line: The print command that comes first gets printed first.
Tree File System: Hierarchical structure of files and folders in a computer.
Graph Google Maps/GPS: Finding the shortest path between two locations.
Hash Table Password Storage: Quickly verifying username-password pairs.

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