JavaScript Integer

JavaScript me Integer ek whole number hai jo decimal ke bina hota hai. Ye positive, negative ya zero ho sakta hai. Integer ka use programming me counting, indexing, loops aur arithmetic operations ke liye hota hai. JavaScript me sabhi numbers Number type ke under aate hain, lekin integer ke special properties aur use hote hain.

Key Points:

• Integer ek whole number hai (decimal ke bina).
• Positive, negative aur zero integer ho sakte hain.
• JavaScript me integer aur float ka type same hota hai (Number).
• Large integers ke liye BigInt ka use hota hai.
• Integer ka use loops, counters aur indexing me hota hai.

1. Integer Examples in JS

let age = 25;          // positive integer
let temperature = -5;  // negative integer
let count = 0;         // zero
console.log(typeof age); // "number"

2. Integer Properties in JS

• Safe Integer Range: Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER → 9007199254740991
• Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER → -9007199254740991
• In range ke bahar ke numbers precision lose kar sakte hain.
• BigInt: Large integers ke liye use hota hai. Example: let bigNum = 123456789012345678901234567890n;

3. Arithmetic Operations

let a = 10;
let b = 3;

console.log(a + b); // 13
console.log(a - b); // 7
console.log(a * b); // 30
console.log(a / b); // 3.3333333333333335 (float result)
console.log(a % b); // 1  (modulus)
console.log(a ** b); // 1000 (exponentiation)

4. Increment & Decrement

let x = 5;
x++;   // x = 6
x--;   // x = 5

5. Unary Plus / Minus

let y = "10";
let z = +y;  // converts string "10" to number 10
console.log(typeof z); // "number"

6. Integer Checking Methods

• Number.isInteger(value) – check karta hai ki value integer hai ya nahi
• Math.floor(value) – number ko nearest lower integer me convert karta hai
• Math.ceil(value) – number ko nearest higher integer me convert karta hai
• Math.round(value) – number ko nearest integer me round karta hai
• parseInt(string) – string ko integer me convert karta hai

console.log(Number.isInteger(10));   // true
console.log(Number.isInteger(10.5)); // false

console.log(Math.floor(10.7)); // 10
console.log(Math.ceil(10.3));  // 11
console.log(Math.round(10.5)); // 11

let str = "123";
let num = parseInt(str);
console.log(num); // 123

7. BigInt for Large Integers

let bigNum = 123456789012345678901234567890n;
console.log(typeof bigNum); // "bigint"

8. Integer vs Float Comparison

Feature	Integer	Float
Decimal part	None	Exists
Type in JS	Number	Number
Examples	5, -10, 0	3.14, -5.5
Operations	+ - * / % **	+ - * /
Precision	Exact (within safe range)	Approximate (due to decimals)

9. Real-life Usage

• Counting items in a list: cart.length
• Loop iteration: for(let i = 0; i < 10; i++) { }
• Age, marks, temperature, scores
• Flags: 0 = false, 1 = true
• Indexing arrays: arr[0], arr[1]

10. Tips & Notes

• JavaScript me integer aur float ka type same hota hai, lekin operations aur usage alag hai.
• Division me result float aa sakta hai, exact integer chahiye to Math.floor() ya Math.round() use karo.
• Large numbers ke liye BigInt use karna safe hota hai.
• Number.isInteger() hamesha yaad rakho, programming aur exams me kaam aayega.
• Integers programming ka base hai – loops, counters, indexes aur calculations me sabse zyada use hote hain.